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Oral cancer, also known as mouth cancer, is a type of cancer that affects the mouth and throat. It is often diagnosed when the disease has progressed to the point of spreading to the lymph nodes in the neck. However, if detected early, the chances of successful treatment are significantly higher. In this article, we will explore the symptoms, causes, stages, and treatment options of oral cancer based on reliable medical sources.

What is oral cancer?

Oral cancer is part of a larger group of cancers known as head and neck cancers. It typically develops in the tissues of the lips, gums, tongue, and palate. While it can affect people of all ages, the risk increases with age, especially in people over 40. Men also have a higher risk of developing oral cancer compared to women.

Types of oral cancer

Oral cancer can affect various parts of the mouth, including:

• Lip cancer  : affects the skin of the lips.
• Tongue cancer  : affects the tongue and is more common on the side of the tongue.
• Inner cheek cancer  : affects the inner lining of the cheeks.
• Gum cancer  : affects the gums surrounding the teeth.
• Cancer of the floor of the mouth  : affects the area under the tongue.

Symptoms of oral cancer

In its early stages, oral cancer may not present any noticeable symptoms, making it difficult to detect without a thorough examination. However, as the cancer progresses, the following symptoms may appear:

• Sores or blisters that do not heal on the lips or inside the mouth
• Swelling or enlargement of the mouth
• Bleeding from the mouth
• Loose teeth or jaw pain
• Difficulty swallowing or pain when swallowing
• Earaches or pain in the neck area.
• Sudden weight loss
• Numbness in the lips, face, or neck.
• Red or white spots on the mouth or lips.
• Persistent sore throat or dry mouth

If any of these symptoms persist, it is important to consult a dentist or healthcare professional for an evaluation. Early detection is crucial for a better prognosis and higher survival rates.

Causes of oral cancer

Several factors contribute to the development of oral cancer, and the most common causes include:

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